employee from 01.01.2019 until now
Russian Federation
UDK 340.12 Направления и теории права. Правовые школы. (Философия права). Теории государства и права Сюда относится как литература представителей отдельных направлений и школ, так и литература критически к ним относящаяся. Работы о правовых системах и все правовые системы в определенные исторические эпохи относятся под индексом 340.15, например,
Circumstances of the 19th century drew attention to the issues related to the regulation of emergency situations. The success of the state in solving its tasks is often determined by the effectiveness of the legal regime employed. This is especially clearly demonstrated in the case of emergencies and situations that, as modern practice has shown, can be caused not only by socio-political factors and natural disasters, but also by the spread of a viral or infectious disease acquiring the status of a pandemic and endangering the lives of not only citizens of a certain state, but of humanity as a whole. The implementation of the emergency legal regime is always associated with a number of restrictions on the constitutional rights and freedoms of citizens: the introduction of additional administrative and legal obligations and prohibitions; granting emergency powers to authorities to maintain the regime; the introduction of special administration of the territory on which this regime is established, including the creation of temporary special agencies; suspension of the activities of certain state authorities and local government, etc. This article analyses the heritage of theoretical studies regarding the limits of the state restriction of freedom of speech in the conditions of an emergency legal regime. A historiographic analysis of the role of censorship in ensuring national security in Russia under the emergency legal regime indicates that issues related to the possibility and necessity of applying censorship under the emergency legal regime were the subject of research by the most prominent Russian legal scholars at the end of the 19th century: I. E. Andreevsky, N. N. Belyavsky, E. N. Berendts, V. M. Gessen, V. F. Deryuzhinsky, A. I. Elistratov, V. V. Ivanovsky, I. T. Tarasov, P. N. Sheimin and others. In their works, lawyers in the end of the XIX century recognized the important role of the media in the development of society and emphasized the importance of freedom of thought, speech and the press as necessary conditions for social development. However, under the emergency legal regime, they justified the need for state-supervisory regulation of the activities of print publications as one of the ways to neutralize the socio-political situation. The measures taken by the state in relation to censorship during the state of emergency, despite their rigidity, were assessed positively by Russian lawyers, since they made it possible to avoid unnecessary unrest among the population and the dissemination of seditious information. The main methods of scientific research were general scientific methods namely: historical and systematic, as well as special ones: historical-legal and comparative-legal. The author applied a method of reconstruction and interpretation of legal ideas as well. As a result of the study, the author concludes that in the modern conditions in order to govern effectively consistent with the principles of the rule of law, both researchers and authorities should pay attention to the theoretical heritage of domestic political and legal thought and properly analyze the past practice of applying emergency legal regimes, comprehending the effectiveness of the application of the mentioned measures, since this is of great importance for determining the prospects for the development of the state-legal system of Russia, and for determining the optimal model of the state mechanism obeying the principle of legality.
individual rights and freedoms, freedom of speech, restriction of freedom of speech, emergency legal regime, increased security, emergency security situation, censorship, restrictive measures, police studies
1. Prava cheloveka: mezhdu proshlym i buduschim / pod red N. V. Varlamovoy, T. A. Vasil'evoy, N. V. Kolotovoy. - Moskva: Norma, 2021. - 448 s.
2. Nizhnik N. S., Dergileva S. Yu. Gosudarstvo i pravo v teoretiko-pravovyh vozzreniyah A. I. Elistratova. - Moskva: Yurlitinform, 2017. - 376 s.
3. Nizhnik N. S., Nikiforova S. A. Gosudarstvo i pravo v teoretiko-pravovyh vozzreniyah E. N. Berendtsa. - Moskva: Yurlitinform, 2019. - 232 s.
4. Nizhnik N. S. Rolice-law theory on the regulation of public relations in the police state / European Proceedings of Social and Behavioural Sciences EpSBS. International Scientific and Practical Conference. - Veliky Novgorod, 2021. - R. 1826-1835.
5. Biyushkina N. I. Rol' i znachenie policeistiki v istorii i teorii yuridicheskoy nauki i praktiki // Vestnik Universiteta imeni O. E. Kutafina (MGYuA). - 2021. - № 5 (81). - S. 63-67.
6. Nikiforova S. A. Rossiyskaya policeistika v licah: Eduard Nikolaevich Berendts // Genesis: istoricheskie issledovaniya. - 2015. - № 6. - S. 828-843.
7. Nikiforova S. A. E. N. Berendts o statuse policii v policeyskom i pravovom gosudarstve // Genesis: istoricheskie issledovaniya. - 2016. - № 6. - S. 149-161.
8. Nikiforova S. A. E. N. Berendts ob administrativnoy yusticii kak atributivnom elemente pravovogo gosudarstva / Pravoohranitel'naya deyatel'nost' organov vnutrennih del v kontekste sovremennyh nauchnyh issledovaniy: materialy Mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferencii. - Sankt-Peterburg: Sankt-Peterburgskiy universitet MVD Rossii, 2016. - S. 139-145.
9. Nikiforova S. A. E. N. Berendts o gosudarstve i prave v nachale XX veka / Rossiyskaya policiya: tri veka sluzheniya Otechestvu [Elektronnyy resurs]: materialy yubileynoy Mezhdunarodnoy nauchnoy konferencii, posvyaschennoy 300-letiyu rossiyskoy policii / pod red. N. S. Nizhnik. - Elektronnye dan. (19,6 Mb). - Sankt-Peterburg: Sankt-Peterburgskiy universitet MVD Rossii, 2018. - S. 323-330.
10. Kozinnikova E. N. Obespechenie bezopasnosti kak uslovie i rezul'tat pravoprimenitel'noy deyatel'nosti (po rabotam V. M. Gessena) / Aktual'nye problemy prava i pravoprimenitel'noy deyatel'nosti na sovremennom etape : materialy Mezhdunar. nauch.-prakt. konf., 17-18 sentyabrya 2015 g. - Krasnodar : Izdatel'skiy Dom - Yug, 2015. - S. 821-824.
11. Kozinnikova E. N. Gosudarstvenno-pravovaya koncepciya nacional'noy bezopasnosti V. M. Gessena - teoreticheskoe nasledie rossiyskoy policeistiki / Aktual'nye problemy yuridicheskoy nauki, praktiki i vysshego obrazovaniya: II Ezhegodnye nauchnye chteniya, posvyaschennye pamyati Pochetnogo prezidenta SPbYuA professora Zybina S. F. - Sankt-Peterburg: SPbYuA, 2015. - S. 113-117.
12. Kozinnikova E. N. Rossiyskaya policeistika v licah: Vladimir Matveevich Gessen // Genesis: istoricheskie issledovaniya. - 2016. - № 6. - S. 96-107.
13. Gevorkyan D. S. Rossiyskaya policeistika v licah: Vladimir Fedorovich Deryuzhinskiy // Genesis: istoricheskie issledovaniya. - 2015. - № 6. - S. 813-827.
14. Dergileva S. Yu. Rossiyskaya policeistika v licah: Arkadiy Ivanovich Elistratov // Genesis: istoricheskie issledovaniya. - 2015. - № 6. - S. 844-859.
15. Nizhnik N. S., Dergileva S. Yu. Ot policeyskogo gosudarstva k pravovomu: A. I. Elistratov o zakonomernostyah evolyucii gosudarstvenno-pravovyh sistem // Sovershenstvovanie zakonodatel'stva o policii i policeyskoy deyatel'nosti : materialy Vserossiyskoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferencii. - Omsk: Omskaya akademiya MVD Rossii, 2016. - S. 108-114.
16. Nizhnik N. S., Dergileva S. Yu. Policeysko-pravovaya teoriya konca XIX - nachala XX veka o lichnosti - sub'ekte publichno-pravovyh otnosheniy v policeyskom gosudarstve // Nomothetika: Filosofiya. Sociologiya. Pravo. - 2020. - T. 45. - № 4. - S. 750-760.
17. Strekalin A. V. Rossiyskaya policeistika v licah: Viktor Viktorovich Ivanovskiy // Genesis: istoricheskie issledovaniya. - 2015. - № 6. - S. 787-800.
18. Egorov N. Yu. Rossiyskaya policeistika v licah: Ivan Trofimovich Tarasov // Genesis: istoricheskie issledovaniya. - 2015. - № 6. - S. 801-812.
19. Egorov N. Yu. Osobyy pravovoy rezhim kak sredstvo ohrany obschestvennoy bezopasnosti (po rabotam I. T. Tarasova) // Genesis: istoricheskie issledovaniya. - 2017. - № 11. - S. 112-121.
20. Egorov N. Yu. I. T. Tarasov o znachenii policeyskoy deyatel'nosti v organizacii zhizni obschestva / Gosudarstvo i pravo: evolyuciya, sovremennoe sostoyanie, perspektivy razvitiya (navstrechu 300-letiyu rossiyskoy policii) : materialy XIV Mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-teoreticheskoy konferencii / pod red. N. S. Nizhnik: v 2 t. - T. I. - Sankt-Peterburg: Sankt-Peterburgskiy universitet MVD Rossii, 2017. - S. 72-75.
21. Egorov N. Yu. I. T. Tarasov o metodah resheniya gosudarstvennyh zadach v pravovom i policeyskom gosudarstve / Aktual'nye problemy teorii i istorii gosudarstva i prava: Trudy kafedry teorii gosudarstva i prava Sankt-Peterburgskogo universiteta MVD Rossii / pod red. N. S. Nizhnik. - Vyp. 1. - Sankt-Peterburg: Sankt-Peterburgskiy universitet MVD Rossii, 2017. - S. 146-154.
22. Egorov N. Yu. O modeli effektivno funkcioniruyuschih organov ispolnitel'noy vlasti v policeyskom gosudarstve (po rabotam I. T. Tarasova) / Rossiyskaya policiya: tri veka sluzheniya Otechestvu [Elektronnyy resurs] : materialy yubileynoy Mezhdunarodnoy nauchnoy konferencii, posvyaschennoy 300-letiyu rossiyskoy policii. / pod red. N. S. Nizhnik. - Elektronnye dan. (19,6 Mb). - Sankt-Peterburg: Sankt-Peterburgskiy universitet MVD Rossii, 2018. - S. 314-318.
23. Nizhnik N. S. Policeyskoe gosudarstvo - socioyuridicheskiy fenomen: harakteristika suschnostnyh chert v otechestvennoy policeysko-pravovoy teorii // Vestnik Nizhegorodskogo universiteta im. N. I. Lobachevskogo. - 2018. - № 6. - S. 123-130.
24. Chukaev T. O. Samoorganizaciya obschestva kak faktor obespecheniya vnutrenney bezopasnosti (po rabotam V. N. Leshkova) / Aktual'nye problemy yuridicheskoy nauki, praktiki i vysshego obrazovaniya. II Ezhegodnye nauchnye chteniya, posvyaschennye pamyati Pochetnogo prezidenta SPbYuA professora Zybina S. F. - Sankt-Peterburg: SPbYuA, 2015. - S. 230-232.
25. Chukaev T. O. Problemy vzaimosvyazi gosudarstva i obschestva v teoreticheskom nasledii V. N. Leshkova // Vestnik Moskovskogo oblastnogo filiala Moskovskogo universiteta MVD Rossii imeni V. Ya. Kikotya : nauchno-prakticheskoe izdanie. Saratov, 2016. - S. 155-157.
26. Chukaev T. O. Narod i organy gosudarstvennoy vlasti: analiz vzaimodeystviya i sotrudnichestva v teoreticheskom nasledii V. N. Leshkova // Advances in Law Studies. - 2018. - T. 6. - № 3. - S. 26-30.
27. Nizhnik N. S. Policeysko-pravovaya teoriya ob institucionalizacii gosudarstvennogo upravleniya i meste policii v mehanizme gosudarstva / Sovremennye problemy obschey teorii prava : materialy Mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferencii, posvyaschennoy 25-letiyu nezavisimosti Respubliki Kazahstan i 60-letiyu Almatinskoy akademii MVD Respubliki Kazahstan. - Almata: Almatinskaya akademiya MVD Respubliki Kazahstan, - 2016. - S. 13-26.
28. Biyushkina N. I. Ogranicheniya i zaprety v razvitii cenzurnogo zakonodatel'stva Rossiyskoy imperii vtoroy poloviny XIX veka // Yuridicheskaya tehnika. - 2018. - № 12. - S. 90-94.
29. Biyushkina N. I. Osobennosti pravovogo regulirovaniya policeyskoy deyatel'nosti v rossiyskom gosudarstve vo vtoroy polovine XIX veka / Rossiyskaya policiya: tri veka sluzheniya Otechestvu [Elektronnyy resurs] : materialy yubileynoy Mezhdunarodnoy nauchnoy konferencii, posvyaschennoy 300-letiyu rossiyskoy policii / pod red. N. S. Nizhnik. - Elektronnye dan. (19,6 Mb). - Sankt-Peterburg: Sankt-Peterburgskiy universitet MVD Rossii, 2018. - S. 632-635.
30. Potapov Yu. A. Rossiyskoe zakonodatel'stvo o cenzure XVIII - nachalo HH veka. - Moskva : Yurayt, 2018. -168 s.
31. Kul'tural'nye issledovaniya prava / pod obsch. red. I. L. Chestnova, E. N. Tonkova. - Sankt-Peterburg: Aleteyya, 2018. - 467 s.
32. Kozinnikova E. N. Isklyuchitel'noe polozhenie kak chrezvychaynyy pravovoy rezhim (opyt analiza normativnyh aktov i rabot policeistov Rossiyskoy imperii konca XIX - nachala XX veka) // Genesis: istoricheskie issledovaniya. - 2017. - № 11. - S. 87-95.
33. Kozinnikova E. N. O polnomochiyah policii v usloviyah chrezvychaynogo pravovogo rezhima isklyuchitel'nogo polozheniya v Rossiyskoy imperii v ocenke policeistov konca XIX - nachala HH veka // Filosofiya prava. - 2018. - № 1 (84). - S. 128−135.
34. Nizhnik N. S., Aliev Ya. L. Doktrina yuridicheskogo prognozirovaniya: opredelenie scenariev razvitiya gosudarstvenno-pravovyh yavleniy / Aktual'nye problemy administrativnogo i administrativno-processual'nogo prava (Sorokinskie chteniya) : Mezhdunarodnaya nauchno-prakticheskaya konferenciya / pod obsch. red. A. I. Kaplunova. - Sankt-Peterburg: Sankt-Peterburgskiy universitet MVD Rossii, 2021. - S. 133-138.
35. Nizhnik N. S., Bavsun M. V., Aliev Ya. L., Astafichev P. A., Kvitchuk A. S. State and law: transformation vectors in modern conditions / SHS Web of Conferences. IX Baltic Legal Forum «Law and Order in the Third Millennium». - Kaliningrad, 2021. - R. 01015.
36. Nizhnik N. S., Bavsun M. V., Astafichev P. A., Aliev Ya. L., Kvitchuk A. S. Zakonnost' kak osnovopolagayuschee nachalo rossiyskogo prava. - Sankt-Peterburg: Sankt-Peterburgskiy universitet MVD Rossii, 2021. - 328 s.
